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Medicare, Workers’
Compensation & most major Insurance Plans
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Please call for details.
Office Hours By Appointment:
Monday-Friday, daytime and
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ISSUES & DISORDERS |
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Anxiety
- is an emotional experience characterized by an
unpleasant and persistent mental tension. Under
certain circumstances, anxiety may have a beneficial
influence, as when it heightens our alertness and
prepares us to take affirmative action. Escalating
levels of anxiety, however, increase worry, apprehension,
nervousness, fear and tension to a degree where
it can interfere with our ability to carry on our
daily routine, or prove totally incapacitating;
the heightened levels of anxiety are often accompanied
by sleeplessness, impaired concentration, intrusive
thoughts and by physical complaints such as headaches,
and other pain and discomfort, palpitations and
rapid heartbeat, jitteriness, excessive sweating,
cold extremities, shortness of breath as well as
dizziness and light headedness.
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Panic
& Phobia - panic can be regarded
as an episode of intense fear or severe, acute anxiety;
often episodes of panic are associated with an anticipated
loss of control and the feeling of being trapped
with an associated need to escape. One powerful
fear often accompanying panic and the anticipated
loss of control is the fear of embarrassing oneself.
A frequent trigger of panic episodes is the anticipation
of panic. In fact, panic is often considered a fear
of fear. Phobia, or more precisely specific phobia,
is an intense and persistent irrational fear or
anxiety associated with a specific object, situation,
or activity. In both panic and phobia, because of
the intense nature of the fear and the resulting
avoidance behavior, the individual experiences significant
impairment in the conduct of his/her daily life.
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- PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress
Disorder) – is a disorder which can
occur as a consequence to directly experiencing or
witnessing life-threatening events such as terrorist
incidents, military combat, natural disasters, serious
accidents, or violent personal assaults like rape
or mugging. This disorder can also result from protracted
childhood or spousal abuse. The experience must have
produced intense fear, helplessness or horror. Either
soon after the incident or delayed by 6-months or
longer, the individual may begin to experience flashbacks,
recurring and intrusive memories of the event, feelings
of emotional detachment or, emotional numbing, guilt,
nightmares and other sleep problems, hyper-vigilance,
extreme startle reaction as well as other physical
complaints.
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- OCD – or
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder is an anxiety disorder
characterized by recurring distressful obsessions
(persistent thoughts or ideas) or compulsions (pressured
or uncontrollable behavior) which can be significant
enough to interfere with one’s normal daily
routine. The individual usually regards the thoughts
or behaviors as unreasonable, but uncontrollable.
The obsessional thought generates anxiety which the
compulsive act is meant to assuage. Attempts at resisting
either the obsession or the compulsion may lead to
a dramatic worsening in anxiety.
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- Depression - is
a mood disorder characterized by a pessimistic style
of thinking, a sense of helplessness, hopelessness
and worthlessness and a general feeling of inadequacy.
The predominant mood is one of pervasive sadness,
often with irritability. Depression is frequently
accompanied by a noticeable change in appetite with
either significant weight loss or weight gain, not attributable to
dieting , a noticeable change in sleeping
patterns such as restless sleep, inability to sleep,
early morning awakening, or sleeping too much, loss
of energy, fatigue, inappropriate feelings of guilt,
inability to concentrate or think clearly, indecisiveness
as well as a loss of interest or pleasure in activities
formerly enjoyed.
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- Anger - is a strong
passion or emotion conveying displeasure or antagonism,
and may range in intensity from mild irritation to
fury and rage. Anger may lead to either positive or
negative outcomes. In a positive vein, anger may be
considered an empowering emotion, often helpful in
defending against and overcoming our feelings of psychological
paralysis: feelings of powerlessness, helplessness
and resignation, which are generally associated with
depression, frustration and fear. Alternatively, anger
which is unrelenting, seething and pernicious, and
especially when suppressed, may result in various
systemic illnesses such as high blood pressure, heart
disease and stroke as well as severe intrapsychic
distress and interpersonal and marital conflict. Anger
that is inappropriate to the extreme and where the
individual experiences his/her anger as "out
of control" or explosive may lead to even more
disastrous psychological, medical or legal consequences.
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- Marital Discord
– is a disruption to a marital relationship
beginning as mild disagreement; continued conflict
may lead to escalating arguments, which in the extreme
case may result in separation, divorce or domestic
violence. The most common bases for marital discord
appears to be: lack of communication or chronic miscommunication,
constant arguing, complaints of unfulfilled emotional
needs, sexual dysfunction, differences in sexual drive,
financial distress, in-law issues, infidelity, conflict
over child-rearing practices, alcoholism, verbal and
physical abuse.
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- Stress Related Disorders –
are disorders in which psychological factors such
as stress and anxiety lead to temporary physical
complaints such as headaches and other physical
discomfort or worse, contribute to the development
of various chronic systemic illnesses, such as irritable
bowel syndrome, psoriasis, eczema, high blood pressure,
coronary artery disease and stroke; increased susceptibility
to infectious disease may also occur as a result
psychological stress interfering with the functioning
of the autoimmune system. Stress and anxiety have
also been found to contribute to problems of impotence
and infertility.
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- Grief & Bereavement
- Grief is a reaction to a significant or catastrophic
loss. Characterized by extreme sadness and mental
anguish, it may be triggered by the death of a loved
one, divorce or marital separation, loss of a job,
loss of ones home or some other significant loss.
Bereavement is the period after a loss during which
grief is experienced and the mourning process occurs.
The time spent in a period of bereavement depends
on the nature of the experienced loss. When the period
of bereavement is prolonged, it may result in the
development of various psychological disorders.
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- ADHD (Attention Deficit
Hyperactivity Disorder) - is a chronic, developmental
disorder beginning before age 8-years and lasting
6-months or longer. The presence of ADHD makes it
difficult for children and adults to focus their attention
and control their behavior. Symptoms of the disorder
vary from individual to individual, and can range
from mild to severe; ADHD symptoms of poor concentration
or inattention, distractibility, disorganization,
impatience, hyperactivity and impulsivity continue
into adulthood for about 70 percent of the children
affected. Overt hyperactivity, however, seems to diminish
somewhat during the course of adolescence and appears
to be partially replaced in adulthood by an internal
feeling of restlessness. ADHD has been classified
into three sub-types: inattentive, hyperactive-impulsive
and combined type and is related to impairment in
school, occupational and social settings, as well
as to an increased risk of marital discord, separation
and divorce.
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- Oppositional Defiant Disorder
– is represented by a wide range of
problem behaviors in childhood and adolescents, usually
beginning before age 8-years and continuing thru 18-years,
lasting a minimum of 6-months. Children and adolescents
can be oppositional and defiant of authority figures,
such as parents, teachers and other adults, from time
to time. However, when there is an enduring pattern
of defiant, hostile, and uncooperative behavior toward
authority figures which results in serious impairment
in family, social, academic and work settings, Oppositional
Defiant Disorder should be considered. This disorder
is almost invariably found to be present in the home,
and may be present in other settings, such as in school.
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- Other Behavioral Disorders
of Childhood & Adolescents – are
characterized by various non-specific behavioral problems
of childhood and adolescence. These problems may include
such disparate behaviors as disruptive classroom and
home behaviors, social withdrawal, ineffective coping
with being bullied, inability to sleep in one’s
own bed, bed-wetting, fear of being alone, fear of
going away to camp and other assorted fears and aversions.
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- Eating Disorders of Adolescents
& Adulthood - include Anorexia Nervosa,
Bulimia Nervosa, Obesity and Morbid Obesity. Anorexia
Nervosa is a disorder usually found in adolescent
girls and young women, where there is an aversion
to food that leads to a state of starvation and emaciation.
This disorder is characterized by an intense fear
of gaining weight and the pursuit of thinness, even
though the individual may be significantly underweight;
weight loss is achieved either by extreme dieting
and/or by purging or excessive exercise. Bulimia Nervosa
is characterized by episodes of binging followed by
purging or excessive exercising and/or fasting. Obesity
is said to occur when an individual’s body weight
is in excess of 20 percent of his/her ideal body weight
or where the Body Mass Index (BMI) is 30 or higher.
Morbid Obesity is defined by an individual’s
body weight being 100 lbs. or more above ideal body
weight or when the individual’s BMI is 40 or
higher. Morbid Obesity is often associated with such
co-morbid illnesses as high blood pressure, severe
arthritis, type II diabetes, infertility and obstructive
sleep apnea.
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- Sleeping Disorders –
are generally characterized in three ways: insomnias,
hypersomnolence and parasomnias. Insomnia refers to
difficulty falling asleep, difficulty remaining asleep
and early morning awakening; Hypersomnolence refers
to excessive drowsiness or inability to remain awake;
Parasomnias, which are disorders associated with sleep
and/or disorders which interfere with sleep, include
sleep sleepwalking, sleep talking, bed-wetting, night
terrors, nightmares, periodic leg movements of sleep,
narcolepsy, cataplexy and sleep apnea.
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